Introduction to thin film optics

Introduction to thin film optics

Thin film optics is a branch of optics, dealing with a variety of very thin optical materials (thin films). The thickness of materials related to thin film optics needs to be within the class of visible light wavelength (about 500 nm). Because of the interference of light and the difference of refractive index among the film, space and matter, the film with this thickness range can have significant refractive characteristics. These effects are called film interference, which will affect the refraction and transmission characteristics of optical materials. For example, oil stains on soap bubbles and water will see such situations.

In a more general sense, a periodic structure with similar optical properties but not a planar layered structure is called a photonic crystal.

In manufacturing, the thin film layer can be produced by depositing one layer to multi-layer thin film on the substrate (generally glass), generally using physical vapor deposition method such as evaporation or sputtering deposition, or chemical vapor deposition method.

This kind of film is often used for optical coating, such as low radiation glass for home or car use, antireflection film on glass, reflective baffle of car headlights, and high-precision filter and mirror. Another application of this kind of coating is space filter.

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